EUROTHERM2021

EUROTHERM2021

8th European Thermal Sciences Conference
19-23 September, 2021, Lisbon, Portugal
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Keynote Lectures


Prof. Bengt Sundén

Lund University, Lund, Sweden

On Thermal Issues in Batteries for Electrified Vehicles


Prof. Denis Maillet

LEMTA - Université de Lorraine – CNRS - UMR 7563, France

Identification of convolutive models for thermal systems and their further use


Prof. Hélcio Orlande

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Inverse Problems in Bioheat Transfer


Prof. Maria da Graça Carvalho

Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal

Member of the European Parliament


Prof. M. Pinar Mengüç

Özyegin University, Istanbul, Turkey

Sustainable Energy and Human Element


Prof. Ryszard Andrzej

Silesian University of Technology (SUT), Gliwice, Poland

CFD simulation of the interaction between the particulate phase and fluid


Prof. Sung Jin Kim

Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, South Korea

Journey toward flexible thermal superconductors


Prof. Wojciech Lipinski

Australian National University, Canberra, Australia

©2020 All Rights Reserved. eurotherm2020.pt

Organized by Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon - Portugal

Organized by Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon - Portugal

Prof. Sung Jin Kim

Dr. Sung Jin Kim is a Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at KAIST (Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology). He received a Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Ohio State University in 1989. Until joining KAIST in July 1997, he was a group leader of Thermal Engineering Center at the IBM Laboratory in Tucson, Arizona for 8 years. His research group at KAIST held National Research Lab status for 5 years from 2006. Recently, he was awarded a prestigious 9-year grant by Korea’s Creative Research Initiative to develop Flexible and Thin Thermal Superconductors.

He is a member of Korean Academy of Science and Technology and an ASME Fellow. He has received National Medal of Science and Technology from Korean Government, Scientific Achievement Award from KSME, Excellent Teaching Awards from KAIST, two Invention Achievement Awards and five Author Recognition Awards from IBM. He is currently serving as the President of Asian Union of Thermal Science and Engineering.

Journey toward flexible thermal superconductors

This talk is intended to provide a perspective and review of a journey toward a flexible thermal superconductor, which can be bent or twisted, to control heat transfer in heat generating devices of various shapes. The thermal superconductor exploits recent advances in micro pulsating heat pipes, which consists of liquid-vapor slug-train units oscillating within a microchannel. It has the following characteristics: an effective thermal conductivity of 1,000 W/mK, 2.5 times higher than copper, and 5,000 times higher than current flexible materials, and a thickness of 0.6 mm. Compared to conventional pulsating heat pipes, micro pulsating heat pipes with hydraulic diameters of less than 1 mm have interesting features like orientation independent performance. In addition, several new ideas for thermal performance enhancement in the micro pulsating heat pipes will be presented. This talk will conclude with an overview of ongoing research activities associated with a prestigious 9 year grant by Korea’s Creative Research Initiative to develop Flexible and Thin Thermal Superconductors.

Prof. Bengt Sundén

Bengt Sundén received his M.Sc. in Mechanical Engineering 1973, Ph.D. in Applied Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics 1979, became Docent in Applied Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics 1980, all at Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden. He was Professor of Heat Transfer, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 1992-2016, Head Department of Energy Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden for 21 years, 1995-2016. He serves as Professor Emeritus and Senior Professor in Heat Transfer since 2016-10-01. The research activities cover compact heat exchangers, heat transfer enhancement, gas turbine heat transfer, thermal radiation, CFD-methods, liquid crystal thermography, condensation and evaporation on micro-nanostructured surfaces, nanofluids, impinging jets, aerospace heat transfer, computational modeling and analysis of multiphysics and multiscale phenomena for fuel cells (SOFC, SOEC, PEMFC), thermal management of batteries. He has authored or co-authored more than 900 papers in journals (> 450), books, proceedings, supervised 180 M.Sc. theses, 50 Licentiate of Engineering theses, 51 PhD-theses. Fellow of ASME, Honorary Professor Xi’an Jiaotong Univ., China, Guest Professor Northwestern Polytechnical Univ., Xi’an, China, Guest Professor Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, Honorary Professor Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China, 2011 Recipient of ASME Heat Transfer Memorial Award, 2013 recipient of ASME Heat Transfer Division 75th Anniversary Medal, received Donald Q. Kern Award 2016. He was founding and first editor-in-chief IJHEX – International Journal of Heat Exchangers (R.T. Edwards Inc., USA) 1999-2008, Associate editor ASME J. Heat Transfer 2005-2008, Editor-in-chief Book Series – Developments in Heat Transfer (WIT Press, UK), 1995-, Regional editor Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer 2007-, Associate editor J. Heat Transfer Research 2011-, Associate editor ASME J. Thermal Science, Engineering and Applications 2010-2016, Associate editor ASME J. Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage 2017-2020.

Sustainable Energy and Human Element

In this presentation, the impact of sustainable energy research and the development of new technologies on the lives of people are discussed. The research carried out at CEEE during the last eight years as related to buildings, industry, and cities are outlined. The presentation emphasizes the importance of human comfort and its control in operation of buildings, and how they can be part of the design principles starting from the integrated engineering and architecture concepts. To achieve thermal and visual comfort and energy efficiency in buildings, sensor and automation networks can be employed. Yet, these can be most effective if the building-user interactions are streamlined, which may require the modeling of human behavior based on a transdisciplinary approach. This approach allows buildings to be responsive to human needs and to be designed considering the details of light, air flow and temperature distributions, and with the help of interactive ventilations and solar shading systems. All these ideas need to be coupled not only for buildings, but also for regions and cities of the future. The presentation will also address the development of sustainable and inexpensive materials to be used at larger scales for buildings and industrial systems.

On Thermal Issues in Batteries for Electrified Vehicles

Batteries with increasing energy and power densities are developed rapidly to enable massive electrification of the transport sector. Many vehicle manufacturers are gradually releasing private cars, trucks and buses with an electrified powertrain. Currently batteries based on the Li-ion concept are dominating. For batteries there exist several thermal issues to handle and these present multi-physics and multiscale problems. For instance, the cells have to be maintained at a desired temperature level (Too hot: decreased battery life, decreased performance, risk of fire explosion. Too cold: sluggish chemistry, lithium plating and dendrite formation). The cell-to-cell temperature variations should be minimized and a small amount of energy should be consumed for the operation. Accordingly, it has been necessary to develop various thermal management principles. In the thermal analysis, many processes need consideration, i.e., heat and mass transport including heat generation, charge transport, electrode kinetics as well as electrode-electrolyte interfacial processes. Thus detailed modeling approaches require solution of the so-called Butler-Volmer equation for the electron current, conservation of charge (ions and electrons), conservation of species (ions) and energy conservation.

This lecture aims to present an overview of thermal issues in batteries, methods of analysis and some solutions of thermal management.

Prof. Denis Maillet

Denis Maillet is Emeritus professor of Heat transfer at the Université de Lorraine (UL). He received a MS in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University (1975) and a PhD (1982) and a Doctorat d'Etat (1991) from UL. He specialized in inverse techniques and measurements in heat transfer and is involved in the activities of the METTI group, which deals with this class of techniques within the French Heat Transfer Society (SFT). He is an associate editor of International Journal of Thermal Sciences. He has applied inverse techniques to thermal non-destructive testing of materials/structures, boiling heat transfer, thermal dispersion in porous media and to mini and macro heat exchangers.

Prof. M. Pinar Mengüç

Professor M. Pinar Mengüç received his BS and MS from ODTU/METU in Ankara,Turkey, and his PhD from Purdue University, USA in 1985, all in Mechanical Engineering. The same year he joined the University of Kentucky (UK), and promoted to the ranks of associate and full professor in 1988 and 1993, respectively. He was a visiting professor at Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Italy during 1991 and at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, during 1998-99 academic year. He was awarded an Honorary Professorship at ESPOL, in Ecuador in 2006. At the end of 2008, he was promoted to Engineering Alumni Association Chair Professor at the University of Kentucky, which he still holds. He has five patents and has three patent applications. He is the author of more than 150 articles published in SCI journals, has co-authored more than 200 conference papers and two books. He has worked with more than 60 MS, PhD and Post-Doc researchers, and had more than 130 invited/keynote lectures delivered. He joined Özyeğin University, Istanbul in 2009 as the founding Head of Mechanical Engineering. The same year, he established the Centre for Energy, Environment and Economy (CEEE/EÇEM), which he is still directing. His research areas include radiative transfer, nano-scale transport phenomena, applied optics and sustainable energy applications. He is an elected member of Science Academy of Turkey, a fellow of both ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineering) and ICHMT (International Center for Heat and Mass Transfer), and a Senior Member of OSA (Optical Society of America). He is the recipient of several awards, including the 2018 ASME Heat Transfer Memorial Award on life time achievements, and the 2019 First Place Award on ‘Efficiency’ from the Ministry of Industry and Technology based on a Sustainable Energy project CEEE/EÇEM has completed. He is in the executive committees of several NGO, including ICHMT. He is one of the Editors-in-Chief Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer (JQSRT) and a Handling Editor of Physics Open, both Elsevier.

Prof. Ryszard Andrzej

Ryszard Białecki received his MSc in chemical engineering and PhD and DSc degrees in mechanical engineering from the Silesian University of Technology (SUT), Gliwice Poland. He holds the position of a full professor of Energy at the Department of Thermal Technology, SUT. Prof. Białecki spent one year as a US Department of State Fulbright Commission fellow at the University of Central Florida and a total of 3.5 years as a research and visiting fellow at the Erlangen Nuremberg University in Germany. He is a member of the Polish Academy of Sciences.

The thrust of his research is in simulations and experimental investigation of thermofluid phenomena. Specifically, he has been involved in energy and heat transfer, combustion, inverse analysis (retrieving material properties), medical bioengineering, and the influence of the energy generation sector on the climate. He is an expert in the application of Computational Fluid Dynamics techniques in simulations and optimization of industrial and medical processes, developed codes to simulate heat radiation. He has also developed innovative methods to retrieve material properties.

He is an author of over 100 journals, 200 conference papers, and several chapters in books. Dr. Białecki is a coauthor of 6 granted and 5 pending patents. His works received nearly 1400 citations (H=21, Scopus). He supervised 10 Ph.D. theses. Five of his former Ph.D. students hold now a Professor degree.

CFD simulation of the interaction between the particulate phase and fluid

The paper reports on models of large-scale industrial fluidized bed boiler, fluidized bed gasification, dedusting of flue blast furnace gases in wet scrubbers, and blood flow in large arteries. The common feature of these processes is the presence of granular phase movement driven by fluid flow and gravitation. If the packing of the particles is low, their mutual interaction can be neglected. This type of interaction can be implemented by solving first the fluid movement equations and then tracking the fate of the particles in the Lagrangian coordinates frame. For higher concentrations of particulate matter, the interaction between the particles and fluid and particles becomes important. It can be modeled resorting to the concept of interpenetrating continua (Euler-Euler model). Each diameter interval of the granular phase is treated as a separate phase. Another option is to model the interaction between particles using the Kinetic Theory of Granular Flow being an extension of the Kinetic Theory of Gases to granular flow. After the equation of fluid motion is solved, knowing the forces resulting from the particles' mutual interaction, the particles can be traced in Lagrangian coordinates frame. All presented models have been validated on industrial or lab scale installations.

Identification of convolutive models for thermal systems and their further use

The Laplace transformation is commonly used to get analytical solutions for transient conduction problems where the heat equation and its associated conditions are Linear with Time Invariant coefficients (LTI) and where the geometry is simple [1]. In that case, the temperature solution at a given point in the material system is a convolution product between the intensity of the heat or temperature source and a corresponding impulse response, which is the inverse Laplace transform of a transfer function whose expression is analytical in the Laplace domain. Inversion of such an analytical transfer function can now be achieved using numerical inversion algorithms. Once the impulse function retrieved, the temperature solution of the heat transfer problem can be found by implementation of the convolution product for any time shape of the source. It short-circuits the need for finding more than once the solution of the Partial Differential Equation (PDE) problem, that is the “detailed model”: the convolution product is its corresponding “reduced model” and its structure is not biased.

The Laplace transformation can also be applied to LTI systems where heat transfer occurs in a domain characterized by any non simple 3D geometry. It is the case for a heterogeneous physical system (including solids and flowing fluids, even with linearized radiation in a cavity configuration) if the coefficients of the heat equation system do not vary with time, without being necessarily uniform. In particular, the velocity field can be 3D but in a steady state regime. This also requires each single transient source (the input) to be separable, which means it can be written as a product of a time part, its intensity, by a space part, its geometrical support [2]. The temperature response at any point (output) is still a convolution product in time between its cause (source or input), and the impulse response.

In practice, the impulse response has to be found through solving an inverse problem, here a deconvolution. One can either use a numerical temperature solution of a Finite Element simulation code for a given source (model reduction), or the experimental noisy temperature signal delivered by a local sensor for a measured source in a calibration experiment (model identification, which requires some kind of regularization in the inversion). Examples of experimentally identified impulse responses, for characterizing heat exchangers [3, 4] are given in this presentation: impedances, between a temperature and a thermal power, or transmittances, linking temperatures at two different points.

Prof. Hélcio Orlande

Helcio Rangel Barreto Orlande was born in Rio de Janeiro on March 9, 1965. He obtained his B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) in 1987 and his M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from the same University in 1989. After obtaining his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering in 1993 from North Carolina State University, he joined the Department of Mechanical Engineering of UFRJ, where he was the department head during 2006 and 2007. His research areas of interest include the solution of inverse heat and mass transfer problems, as well as the use of numerical, analytical and hybrid numerical-analytical methods of solution of direct heat and mass transfer problems. He is the co-author of 4 books and more than 300 papers in major journals and conferences. He is a member of the Scientific Council of the International Centre for Heat and Mass Transfer and a Delegate in the Assembly for International Heat Transfer Conferences. He serves as an Associate Editor for the journals Heat Transfer Engineering, Inverse Problems in Science and Engineering, High Temperatures – High Pressures and International Journal of Thermal Sciences.

Inverse Problems in Bioheat Transfer

The use of heat in medicine dates back from remote centuries. Recently, for example, nanoparticles have been concentrated in solid tumors to locally increase the absorption of electromagnetic waves imposed by external energy sources. Thus, thermal damage is mostly caused to the tumorous cells, with minimum heating of surrounding healthy cells. Similarly, bioheat transfer problems have been advanced for diagnosis and treatment of other diseases. Promising techniques for the nonintrusive measurement of the temperature of internal tissues include magnetic resonance and photo-acoustics. Uncertainties in these techniques can be reduced by solving inverse problems related to the temperature measurements. In addition, for the practical application of bioheat transfer problems, uncertainties must be considered not only in available measurements, but also in mathematical models used for computational simulations. The coupling of measurements and mathematical models for the better understanding of physical phenomena falls within the inverse problem paradigm. This presentation will summarize the application of inverse problems in bioheat transfer, by our group and close collaborators, aimed at the hyperthermia treatment of cancer, temperature measurements of internal tissues, diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and model selection for the thermal damage of tissues. The synthesis and characterization of nanostructured Pd and PdCeO2 hydrides, for possible hyperthermia treatment application, will also be presented.